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RFC 2142 / ROLE MAILBOXES

Route service mail through its exchanger

03

A service host can offer FTP without listening for SMTP mail itself. It still needs a mail route for its defined role address. An MX record names the mail exchanger that accepts mail on its behalf.

RFC 2142 · § 1EXAMPLE
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Stop a missing-domain configuration

Now examine a separate misconfiguration: the exchanger serves only picnic.example. Mail for files.picnic.example stops before mailbox delivery.

Route service mail through its exchangerNow examine a separate misconfiguration: the exchanger serves only picnic.example. Mail for files.picnic.example stops before mailbox delivery.Separate misconfigurationftp@files.picnic.exampleServed domain: picnic.example onlyfiles.picnic.example is not localNo mailbox delivery

Key idea: The exchanger must recognize the service domain as local even if it does not run that service.

Terms
MX
A DNS mail-exchanger record naming a host that receives mail for a domain.
Local domain
A domain whose recipients the exchanger is configured to accept.

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Rules & examples
  • If a host provides a service with a defined role name but does not accept mail directly, RFC2142§1 requires an MX record set and acceptance of mail for that host’s domain by its exchangers.
  • For the example FTP host files.picnic.example, the chosen record is MX10 inbox.picnic.example. The priority and hostnames are illustrative; no MX failover algorithm is taught here.
  • The exchanger accepts mail addressed to ftp@files.picnic.example and delivers it to an appropriate FTP contact. The exchanger itself need not offer FTP.
  • The exact addressed domain matters: serving picnic.example alone is not sufficient for files.picnic.example. A configuration missing the service domain stops at acceptance, not after a fictional successful delivery.
  • The RFC also gives an NNTP example with different host and advertised Path domains. Both corresponding USENET addresses must be deliverable, potentially to different final destinations. The drawings use FTP to keep the MX example separate from the NNTP citation erratum.

Mail routes and mailbox targets here are schematic, not literal SMTP transcripts or a new rejection status code. The helper tests local-domain membership and alias presence; it does not perform DNS queries or send mail.

Sources
Protocol participantThreat or exceptionProtocol controlSimplified drawings · precise section references
New to this? Start hereA quick picture + helpful background
SUPPORTrole contact

Address the function, then route its mail

Imagine addressing a department rather than one employee. The department label stays stable while its internal recipient can change. The destination domain and its mail exchanger still have to recognize that label; a familiar name is not proof of the sender’s identity.

Helpful first, if these ideas are unfamiliar

These pictures are analogies to help you learn. The linked RFC explains the actual rules.

Related RFCs and changes

“Updates” changes part of an earlier RFC. “Obsoletes” replaces it. This list shows selected related documents.

All chapters in RFC 2142

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RFC 9700 / CHAPTERS

Chapters

For full details, tables, algorithms, and exceptions, read the original RFC.

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