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RFC 5905 / CHOOSING GOOD TIME

Filter noisy samples

06

Each peer has a recent sample history. Delay ordering and uncertainty tracking reduce the influence of network jitter.

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DIAGRAM§ 10 ↗
RFC 5905 · § 10EXAMPLE
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Filter noisy samplesEight noisy observations are plotted. The low-delay sample is highlighted, and the selected estimate includes increasing uncertainty as it ages.Choose evidence from a noisy streamIllustrative per-peer samples, not measured dataoffsetsample →12345lowest delay678Sample 5: delay 22 ms · offset 7 msDistance = delay / 2 + dispersionCarry uncertainty with the filtered estimate
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Describe the peer with uncertainty.

The next stage receives more than a single raw clock reading.

Protocol participantThreat or exceptionProtocol controlSimplified drawings · precise section references
WHAT CHANGED
RFC 1305 association timeout behaviorRFC 5905 §10

NTPv4 retains the last packet’s stratum and leap state. Aging uncertainty increases synchronization distance until the association is no longer fit for synchronization.

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KEY POINT

Filter each source before comparing sources.

  • The filter retains the most recent sample tuples in an eight-stage history.
  • Candidate samples are ordered by increasing delay and checked for freshness.
  • Dispersion grows as measurements age; synchronization distance includes half the delay plus dispersion.
DETAILS

In NTPv4 an old association becomes unsuitable when its growing distance exceeds the threshold, rather than signaling timeout by rewriting its last stratum and leap fields.

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All chapters in this RFC
  1. A hierarchy of clocks
  2. Modes & associations
  3. Four timestamps
  4. Offset & round-trip delay
  5. Packets & sanity checks
  6. Filter noisy samples
  7. Select, cluster, combine
  8. Discipline & poll control
  9. Eras, leap indicators & KoD
  10. Authentication & later updates
RFC 9700 / CHAPTERS

Chapters

For full details, tables, algorithms, and exceptions, read the original RFC.

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