Compare issuer and strings exactly
04Use the original expected issuer and the returned value after JSON decoding. Do not silently normalize two different identifiers into a match.
General metadata-string example: combining accent and precomposed accent remain different. Unicode normalization is explicitly prohibited for these comparisons.
Source for this drawing: RFC 8414 · Read RFC section 3.3 ↗
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A message needs an address.
Think of a packet as a small addressed envelope. Devices pass it onward; transport protocols decide what delivery promises an application gets.
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These pictures are analogies to help you learn. The linked RFC explains the actual rules.
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Related RFCs and changes
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A mismatch means the response data MUST NOT be used.
- The returned issuer MUST be identical to the issuer identifier used to derive the retrieval URL. If not identical, the response data MUST NOT be used (§3.3). A host that resolves to the same address, a valid certificate or a similar-looking path does not replace this equality check.
- §4 requires JSON escaping to be removed before comparing Unicode code points. It explicitly says Unicode Normalization MUST NOT be applied and requires code-point-to-code-point equality. These rules cover JSON member names and other strings as well as issuer values.
- For example, a JSON escape for the t in /team decodes to the same string as a literal t. A differently cased hostname, an extra terminal slash, an explicit default port or a percent-encoded path spelling remains a different string in this check. Do not first serialize through a URL canonicalizer.
- The final state compares general metadata strings with precomposed é versus e followed by a combining acute accent. They may look similar, but their code-point sequences differ. It is a string-comparison example, not a claim that either string is a valid issuer URL.
- Passing this equality comparison is necessary, not sufficient for trustworthy metadata: the client must also check TLS and any applicable signed metadata, and still needs a legitimate choice of issuer and protected resource (§§1,2.1,6).
Comparison works on decoded strings. The examples do not make DNS, certificate, Unicode-security or complete URL-validation claims.
Read the RFC section ↗